Difference between revisions of "Negation of "you" with "mei""
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| − | The verb 有 (yǒu) is negated differently from ordinary verbs. Rather than | + | The verb 有 (yǒu) is negated differently from ordinary verbs. Rather than placing 不 (bù) before it as with other verbs, you must use 没 (méi) to negate the verb 有 (yǒu). |
== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
| − | Nearly all verbs can be [[Standard negation with bu|negated with 不 | + | Nearly all verbs can be [[Standard negation with bu|negated with 不 (bù)]]. The verb 有 (yǒu) is an important exception to this rule, and must be negated with 没 (méi). |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
| − | + | 没 + 有 (+ Obj.) | |
</div> | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Note: because of the special relationship between 没 (méi) and 有 (yǒu), the pinyin for 没有 is normally written without a space: "méiyǒu." | ||
== Examples == | == Examples == | ||
| Line 17: | Line 19: | ||
<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * 我 <em>没有</em> | + | * 我 <em>没有</em> 问题。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>méiyǒu</em> wèntí.</span><span class="trans">I don't have any questions.</span> |
| − | * | + | * 我们 现在 <em>没有</em> 钱。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen xiànzài <em>méiyǒu</em> qián.</span> <span class="trans">We don't have money now.</span> |
| − | + | * 他 <em>没有</em> 工作 吗？ <span class="pinyin">Tā <em>méiyǒu</em> gōngzuò ma? </span><span class="trans">Does he not have a job? </span> | |
| − | + | * 他们 <em>没有</em> 爸爸 妈妈 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>méiyǒu</em> bàba māma.</span><span class="trans">They don't have parents.</span> | |
| − | * | + | * 我们 在 北京 <em>没有</em> 房子。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen zài Běijīng <em>méiyǒu</em> fángzi.</span> <span class="trans"> We don't have a house in Beijing.</span> |
| − | * | + | * 你 爸爸 <em>没有</em> 手机 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ bàba <em>méiyǒu</em> shǒujī ma? </span> <span class="trans">Does your dad not have a cell phone? </span> |
| − | * | + | * 你们 在 上海 <em>没有</em> 朋友 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen zài Shànghǎi <em>méiyǒu</em> péngyou ma?</span><span class="trans">Do you not have friends in Shanghai?</span> |
| − | * | + | * 我 的 老师 现在 <em>没有</em> 男朋友。<span class="pinyin"> Wǒ de lǎoshī xiànzài <em>méiyǒu</em> nánpéngyou.</span><span class="trans">My teacher doesn't have a boyfriend now.</span> |
| − | + | * 他们 都 <em>没有</em> 电脑 吗？<span class="pinyin">Tāmen dōu <em>méiyǒu</em> diànnǎo ma?</span><span class="trans">Do they all not have computers? </span> | |
| − | + | * 这 个 周末 你们 都 <em>没有</em> 时间 吗？<span class="pinyin">Zhège zhōumò nǐmen dōu <em>méiyǒu</em> shíjiān ma?</span><span class="trans">Do you all not have time this weekend?</span> | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | * 在 | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | * 我 | ||
| − | * | ||
| − | * | ||
| − | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
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<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li class="x">我 <strong>不</strong> <em>有</em> 车。<span class="expl">Never use 不 with 有!</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ <strong>bù</strong> <em>yǒu</em> chē.</span></li> | <li class="x">我 <strong>不</strong> <em>有</em> 车。<span class="expl">Never use 不 with 有!</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ <strong>bù</strong> <em>yǒu</em> chē.</span></li> | ||
| − | <li class="o">我 <strong>没</strong> <em>有</em> 车。<span class="expl">Always use 没 with 有.</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ <strong>méi</strong> <em>yǒu</em> chē.</span><span class="trans">I don't have a car.</span></li> | + | <li class="o">我 <strong>没</strong><em>有</em> 车。<span class="expl">Always use 没 with 有.</span><span class="pinyin">Wǒ <strong>méi</strong><em>yǒu</em> chē.</span><span class="trans">I don't have a car.</span></li> |
</ul> | </ul> | ||
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'''Never use 不 (bù) with 有 (yǒu).''' | '''Never use 不 (bù) with 有 (yǒu).''' | ||
| − | == The Short Form of 没有 | + | == The Short Form of 没有 (méiyǒu) Is 没 (méi) == |
没有 (méiyǒu) can be shortened to 没 (méi) without altering its meaning. | 没有 (méiyǒu) can be shortened to 没 (méi) without altering its meaning. | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | * 我 <em>没</em> | + | * 我 <em>没</em> 钱。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>méi</em> qián.</span><span class="trans">I don't have money.</span> |
| − | * | + | * 你 <em>没</em> 男朋友 吗？ <span class="pinyin"> Nǐ <em>méi</em> nánpéngyou ma?</span><span class="trans">Do you not have a boyfriend?</span> |
| − | * | + | * 你们 <em>没</em> 车 吗？ <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>méi</em> chē ma?</span><span class="trans">You don't have a car?</span> |
| − | * | + | * 老板 现在 <em>没</em> 时间。 <span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn xiànzài <em>méi</em> shíjiān.</span><span class="trans">The boss doesn't have time right now.</span> |
| − | * 我 <em>没</em> | + | * 我 <em>没</em> 工作，我 老公 也 <em>没</em> 工作。 <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>méi</em> gōngzuò, wǒ lǎogōng yě <em>méi</em> gōngzuò.</span><span class="trans">I don't have a job. My husband doesn't have a job either.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| + | |||
| + | *[[Negation of past actions with "meiyou"]] | ||
*[[Standard negation with "bu"]] | *[[Standard negation with "bu"]] | ||
*[[Inability with "mei banfa"]] | *[[Inability with "mei banfa"]] | ||
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=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 1|74}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition|51}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|现代汉语八百词（增订本）|382}} | |
| + | {{Source|A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法)|35}} | ||
===Videos=== | ===Videos=== | ||
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[[Category:A1 grammar points]] | [[Category:A1 grammar points]] | ||
| + | {{HSK|HSK1}}{{2021-HSK|HSK1}} | ||
{{Used for|Denying and refusing}} | {{Used for|Denying and refusing}} | ||
| + | {{Used for|Negating}} | ||
{{Basic Grammar|没|A1|没 + 有|我 <em>没有</em> 钱 。|grammar point|ASGPNV3Q}} | {{Basic Grammar|没|A1|没 + 有|我 <em>没有</em> 钱 。|grammar point|ASGPNV3Q}} | ||
{{Rel char|没有}} | {{Rel char|没有}} | ||
{{Rel char|有}} | {{Rel char|有}} | ||
| − | {{Similar|Standard negation with bu}} | + | {{Similar|Standard negation with "bu"}} |
{{Similar|Inability with "mei banfa"}} | {{Similar|Inability with "mei banfa"}} | ||
| − | {{Similar|Expressing existence with "you"}} | + | {{Similar|Expressing existence with "you"}} |
{{Similar|Basic comparisons with "meiyou"}} | {{Similar|Basic comparisons with "meiyou"}} | ||
{{Similar|Comparing "bu" and "mei"}} | {{Similar|Comparing "bu" and "mei"}} | ||
| − | {{Similar|Negation of past actions}} | + | {{Similar|Negation of past actions with "meiyou"}} |
{{POS|Adverbs}} | {{POS|Adverbs}} | ||
{{Subprop|Negative adverbs}} | {{Subprop|Negative adverbs}} | ||
{{Translation|not}} | {{Translation|not}} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:20, 20 April 2021
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Keywords
The verb 有 (yǒu) is negated differently from ordinary verbs. Rather than placing 不 (bù) before it as with other verbs, you must use 没 (méi) to negate the verb 有 (yǒu).
Contents
Structure
Nearly all verbs can be negated with 不 (bù). The verb 有 (yǒu) is an important exception to this rule, and must be negated with 没 (méi).
没 + 有 (+ Obj.)
Note: because of the special relationship between 没 (méi) and 有 (yǒu), the pinyin for 没有 is normally written without a space: "méiyǒu."
Examples
- 我 没有 问题。 I don't have any questions.
- 我们 现在 没有 钱。 We don't have money now.
- 他 没有 工作 吗？ Does he not have a job?
- 他们 没有 爸爸 妈妈 。They don't have parents.
- 我们 在 北京 没有 房子。 We don't have a house in Beijing.
- 你 爸爸 没有 手机 吗？ Does your dad not have a cell phone?
- 你们 在 上海 没有 朋友 吗？Do you not have friends in Shanghai?
- 我 的 老师 现在 没有 男朋友。My teacher doesn't have a boyfriend now.
- 他们 都 没有 电脑 吗？Do they all not have computers?
- 这 个 周末 你们 都 没有 时间 吗？Do you all not have time this weekend?
Remember that trying to negate 有 (yǒu) with 不 (bù) is a classic mistake that many people make in the early stages of studying Chinese:
- 我 不 有 车。Never use 不 with 有!
- 我 没有 车。Always use 没 with 有.I don't have a car.
Never use 不 (bù) with 有 (yǒu).
The Short Form of 没有 (méiyǒu) Is 没 (méi)
没有 (méiyǒu) can be shortened to 没 (méi) without altering its meaning.
- 我 没 钱。 I don't have money.
- 你 没 男朋友 吗？ Do you not have a boyfriend?
- 你们 没 车 吗？ You don't have a car?
- 老板 现在 没 时间。 The boss doesn't have time right now.
- 我 没 工作，我 老公 也 没 工作。 I don't have a job. My husband doesn't have a job either.
See also
- Negation of past actions with "meiyou"
- Standard negation with "bu"
- Inability with "mei banfa"
- Comparing "bu" and "mei"
Sources and further reading
Books
- HSK Standard Course 1 (pp. 74) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (pp. 51) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (pp. 382) [ →buy]
- A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法) (pp. 35) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
Videos
- Yoyo Chinese: Negation word 没
