Difference between revisions of "Adjectives with "-ji le""
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{{Grammar Box}} | {{Grammar Box}} | ||
| − | Just as [[Negative adjectives with "-si le"|死了 (sǐle) can be used to intensify negative adjectives]], 极了 (jíle) | + | Just as [[Negative adjectives with "-si le"|死了 (sǐle) can be used to intensify negative adjectives]], 极了 (jíle) is a somewhat less common way to intensify both positive and negative adjectives. It is used in spoken, colloquial Chinese. 极 (jí) means "extreme" or "utmost." |
== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
| − | This structure is technically a kind of [[degree complement]] | + | This structure is technically a kind of [[degree complement]] and one of the few that you can use after the adjective and without adding a 得 (de). Remember to add the 了 (le), since it would be incorrect without it. |
<div class="jiegou"> | <div class="jiegou"> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *这个 主意 好 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège zhǔyi hǎo <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">This idea is perfect.</span> | + | * 这个 主意 好 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhège zhǔyi hǎo <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">This idea is perfect.</span> |
| − | *味道 好 <em>极了</em> ! <span class="pinyin">Wèidào hǎo <em>jíle</em>!</span><span class="trans">The taste is perfect!</span> | + | * 味道 好 <em>极了</em> ! <span class="pinyin">Wèidào hǎo <em>jíle</em>!</span><span class="trans">The taste is perfect!</span> |
| − | *他 的 英文 棒 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā de Yīngwén bàng <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">His English is perfect.</span> | + | * 他 的 英文 棒 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā de Yīngwén bàng <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">His English is perfect.</span> |
| − | *婚礼 热闹 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Hūnlǐ rènao <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">The wedding was very lively.</span> | + | * 婚礼 热闹 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Hūnlǐ rènao <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">The wedding was very lively.</span> |
| − | * | + | * 一点 声音 都 没有 ，安静 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Yīdiǎn shēngyīn dōu méiyǒu, ānjìng <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">There is no sound at all. It's extremely quiet.</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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<div class="liju"> | <div class="liju"> | ||
| − | *昨天 的 派对 无聊 <em>极了</em> ! <span class="pinyin">Zuótiān de pàiduì wúliáo <em>jíle</em>!</span><span class="trans">Yesterday's party was so boring!</span> | + | * 昨天 的 派对 无聊 <em>极了</em> ! <span class="pinyin">Zuótiān de pàiduì wúliáo <em>jíle</em>!</span><span class="trans">Yesterday's party was so boring!</span> |
| − | *他 那么 生气 ，我们 都 害怕 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā nàme shēngqì, wǒmen dōu hàipà <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">He was so angry. We were all | + | * 他 那么 生气 ，我们 都 害怕 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Tā nàme shēngqì, wǒmen dōu hàipà <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">He was so angry. We were all so scared.</span> |
| − | *高考 那 天 ，我 紧张 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Gāokǎo nà tiān, wǒ jǐnzhāng <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">I was | + | * 高考 那 天 ，我 紧张 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Gāokǎo nà tiān, wǒ jǐnzhāng <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">I was super nervous the day I took the college entrance examination.</span> |
| − | *这 件 事 让 我们 都 尴尬 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn shì ràng wǒmen dōu gāngà <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">This | + | * 这 件 事 让 我们 都 尴尬 <em>极了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn shì ràng wǒmen dōu gāngà <em>jíle</em>.</span><span class="trans">This incident made us all extremely embarrassed.</span> |
| − | *那个 男孩 讨厌 <em>极了</em> ! <span class="pinyin">Nàge nánhái tǎoyàn <em>jíle</em>!</span><span class="trans">That boy is | + | * 那个 男孩 讨厌 <em>极了</em> ! <span class="pinyin">Nàge nánhái tǎoyàn <em>jíle</em>!</span><span class="trans">That boy is super annoying!</span> |
</div> | </div> | ||
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* [[Negative adjectives with "-si le"]] | * [[Negative adjectives with "-si le"]] | ||
| + | * [[Advanced degree complements]] | ||
* [[Adjectives with "name" and "zheme"]] | * [[Adjectives with "name" and "zheme"]] | ||
* [[Adjectival complement "de budeliao"]] | * [[Adjectival complement "de budeliao"]] | ||
| Line 47: | Line 48: | ||
=== Books === | === Books === | ||
| − | + | {{Source|HSK Standard Course 3|129}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (1st ed)|8}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)|348}} | |
| − | + | {{Source|Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇)|190}} | |
| + | {{Source|现代汉语八百词|286-287}} | ||
[[Category:B1 grammar points]] | [[Category:B1 grammar points]] | ||
| + | {{HSK|HSK3}} | ||
[[Category:Adjectives]] | [[Category:Adjectives]] | ||
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{{Used for|Expressing degree}} | {{Used for|Expressing degree}} | ||
{{Used for|Emphasizing}} | {{Used for|Emphasizing}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Advanced degree complements}} | ||
| + | {{Similar|Complement "-huai le"}} | ||
{{Similar|Negative adjectives with "-si le"}} | {{Similar|Negative adjectives with "-si le"}} | ||
{{Similar|Adjectives with "name" and "zheme"}} | {{Similar|Adjectives with "name" and "zheme"}} | ||
| − | |||
{{Similar|Expressing "excessively" with "tai"}} | {{Similar|Expressing "excessively" with "tai"}} | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
{{Similar|The "zui" superlative}} | {{Similar|The "zui" superlative}} | ||
{{Similar|Special verbs with "hen"}} | {{Similar|Special verbs with "hen"}} | ||
{{Translation|very}} | {{Translation|very}} | ||
{{Translation|really}} | {{Translation|really}} | ||
Latest revision as of 08:24, 4 March 2019
-
Level
-
Similar to
- Expressing "excessively" with "tai" (A1)
- Expressing "really" with "zhen" (A2)
- Intensifying with "duo" (A2)
- Negative adjectives with "-si le" (A2)
- Special verbs with "hen" (A2)
- Superlative "zui" (A2)
- Adjectives with "name" and "zheme" (B1)
- Degree complement (B1)
- Expressing "quite" with "ting" (B1)
- Adjectival complement "de budeliao" (B2)
- Adjectival complement "de hen" (B2)
- Advanced degree complements (B2)
- Complement "-huai le" (B2)
-
Used for
-
Keywords
Just as 死了 (sǐle) can be used to intensify negative adjectives, 极了 (jíle) is a somewhat less common way to intensify both positive and negative adjectives. It is used in spoken, colloquial Chinese. 极 (jí) means "extreme" or "utmost."
Structure
This structure is technically a kind of degree complement and one of the few that you can use after the adjective and without adding a 得 (de). Remember to add the 了 (le), since it would be incorrect without it.
Subj. + Adj. + 极了
Examples
Some examples with a positive connotation:
- 这个 主意 好 极了 。This idea is perfect.
- 味道 好 极了 ! The taste is perfect!
- 他 的 英文 棒 极了 。His English is perfect.
- 婚礼 热闹 极了 。The wedding was very lively.
- 一点 声音 都 没有 ，安静 极了 。There is no sound at all. It's extremely quiet.
Some examples with a negative connotation:
- 昨天 的 派对 无聊 极了 ! Yesterday's party was so boring!
- 他 那么 生气 ，我们 都 害怕 极了 。He was so angry. We were all so scared.
- 高考 那 天 ，我 紧张 极了 。I was super nervous the day I took the college entrance examination.
- 这 件 事 让 我们 都 尴尬 极了 。This incident made us all extremely embarrassed.
- 那个 男孩 讨厌 极了 ! That boy is super annoying!
See also
- Negative adjectives with "-si le"
- Advanced degree complements
- Adjectives with "name" and "zheme"
- Adjectival complement "de budeliao"
Sources and further reading
Books
- HSK Standard Course 3 (pp. 129) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (1st ed) (pp. 8) [ →buy]
- Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) (pp. 348) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- Boya Chinese Elementary Starter 1 (博雅汉语初经起步篇) (pp. 190) Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy
- 现代汉语八百词 (pp. 286-287) 卓越汉语－公司实战篇 →buy
