Difference between revisions of "A2 grammar points"

Revision as of 03:39, 17 August 2011

"A2" is the second level, as defined by the European Common Framework, which is used on this Chinese Grammar Wiki. For more information on the levels used here, see the Grammar Points by Level page.

Verbs

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Negative Commands Using "bu yao"	不要 + V	不要说话！不要打我！
Negative Commands Using "bie"	别 + V	别过来！别听她的。
Verb Reduplication	V + V	你看看。我考虑考虑。
Verb Reduplication with "yi"	V + 一 + V	我看一看。你试一试。
Auxiliary Verb "hui" for "Will"	会 + V	明天你会来吗？
Auxiliary Verb "yao" and its Multiple Meanings	要 + V	明天要工作吗？
Expressing "Would Like to" with "xiang"	想 + V	我想去。我很想买车！
Auxiliary Verb "yinggai" for "Should"	应该 / 该 + V / Adj	你应该工作。
Verbs with "gei"	给…… + V / V + 给……	打电话给她。我给你打电话。
Expressing "With" with "gen"	跟…… + V	我跟你去。不要跟我说话！
Expressing "Together" with "yiqi"	一起 + V	我们一起去吧！要不要一起吃饭？
Special Verbs with "hen"	很 + V	我很喜欢。她很会说话。
Using "zai" with Verbs	Subj. + 在 + Place + V	我在上海工作。
Special uses of "zai" Following Verbs	V + 在 + Place	我住在北京。放在这里。
Expressing Action in Progress	(正)在 + V	我在看书。他正在吃饭。
Special Uses of the Verb "lai"	来⋯⋯	让我来吧。
"Easy to" do Something	好 + V	好做。好买。
"Difficult to" do Something	难 + V	难做。难买。
"(To Go) to" a Place	到 + Place	你到哪儿？
Verbs that Take Double Objects	Verb + Object1 + Object2	你有没有问她为什么？
Inability with "mei banfa"	没办法 + V	我没办法帮你。

Time

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Time Words and Word Order	Subj. + Time… / Time + Subj….	我明天有空。/ 明天我有空。
From… to…	从…… 到……	从1 号到 5 号我在上海。
"Before" in General	以前，……	以前，我不会中文。
"In the Future" in General	以后，……	以后，你不要问我。
"Before" a Specific Time	Time + 以前	10 点以前，我在家。
"After" a Specific Time	Time + 以后	10点以后，我不在家。
Talking about "When" Something Happens	……的时候	你在的时候，我很开心。
Expressing Duration	[Verb Phrase] + [Duration] (+ 了)	他在北京住了两年。
Expressing Duration of Inaction	[Duration] + 没 + [Verb Phrase] ) (+ 了)	他已经三天没洗澡了。

Particles

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
The Sentence-Final Interjection "a"	……啊！	你好啊！对啊！是啊！
Expressing Completion with "le"	V + 了	她去了北京。
Softening Speech with "ba"	……吧。	这样不太好吧。
Conceding with "ba"	……吧。	那好吧。

Question Forms

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Questions with "le ma"	……了 + 吗？	北京去了吗？
Asking "Why" with "zenme"	怎么……？	你怎么没来？

Adjectives and Adverbs

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Modifying Nouns with Adjectives and "de"	Adj + 的 + N	漂亮的衣服。好看的书。
Modifying Nouns with Phrases and "de"	[Phrase] + 的 + N	去北京的火车。今天来的人。
"Both"… "And"… with "you"	又…… 又……	他又高又帅。老师又漂亮又聪明。
Expressing "a little (too)" with "you yidian(r)"	有一点(儿) + Adj	我有一点儿冷。他有一点饿。
Asking about Degree with "duo"	多 + Adj?	他多高？外面多冷？
Using "duo" as an Intensifier	多 + Adj	多好！外面多舒服！
Continuation with "hai" to mean "Still"	还 + V / Adj	你还在看书？现在还早。
Moderating Positive Adjectives with "hai"	还 + Adj	还可以。还好。

Connectors

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Expressing "But" in Two Ways	……，但是 / 可是……	我喜欢，但是我不要买。
Expressing "And" with "he"	N1 + 和 + N2	你和她。
Explaining Causes with "yinwei"	……，因为…	我不喜欢汉字，因为很难记。
Explaining Results with "suoyi"	……，所以…	我不学汉字，所以觉得中文很难。
"Or" in Non-Questions	...或者…	我想去青岛或者南京。
The Filler Word "neige"	……那个……	我喜欢吃那个，那个……

Numbers and Measure Words

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Ordinal Numbers	第 + Number (+ MW)	这是第三课。
Counting Money	Number + 块/元 (+ Number + 毛/角) (+ 钱)	给你五块三毛。
Approximating with Sequential Numbers	Number + [Number +1]	三四个人。一两天。
Measure Words for Counting	Number + MW + N	一个人。一杯水。
Measure Words in Quantity Questions	几 + MW (+ N) ?	几个人？几杯水？
Measure Words to Differentiate	这 / 那 + MW (+ N)	那个人。这杯水。
Pronoun "mei" for "Every"	每 + MW (+ N)	每个人。每次。每天。

Comparisons

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Making Basic Comparisons with "bi"	N1 + 比 + N2 + Adj	你比我胖。
Making Basic Comparisons with "meiyou"	N1 + 没有 + N2 + Adj	你没有他胖。
Making Basic Comparisons with "yiyang"	N1 + 跟 + N2 + 一样 + Adj	我跟你一样高。

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 |[[ASGYC77J|Verb Reduplication]] || V + V	|| <span class="liju">你 <em>看</em> <em>看</em>。我 <em>考虑</em> <em>考虑</em>。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGRAE9J|Verb Reduplication with "''yi''"]] || V + 一 + V || <span class="liju">我 <em>看</em> 一 <em>看</em>。你 <em>试</em> 一 <em>试</em>。</span>
+|[[ASGRAE9J|Verb Reduplication with "''yi''"]] || V + 一 + V || <span class="liju">我 看 <em>一</em> 看。你 试 <em>一</em> 试。</span>
 |-
 |[[ASGW9737|Auxiliary Verb "''hui''" for "Will"]] || 会 + V || <span class="liju">明天 你 <em>会</em> 来 吗？</span>
@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 |[[ASG846EA|Expressing Action in Progress]] || (正)在 + V || <span class="liju">我 <em>在</em> 看 书。他 <em>正在</em> 吃饭。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASG98FZK|Special Uses of the Verb "''lai''"]] || 来⋯⋯ || <span class="liju">让 <em>我</em> 来 吧。</span>
+|[[ASG98FZK|Special Uses of the Verb "''lai''"]] || 来⋯⋯ || <span class="liju">让 我 <em>来</em> 吧。</span>
 |-
 |[[ASGJQU93|"Easy to" do Something]] || 好 + V || <span class="liju"><em>好</em> 做。<em>好</em> 买。</span>
@@ Line 70: / Line 70: @@
 |[[ASGWN185|Talking about "When" Something Happens]] || ……的时候 || <span class="liju">你 在 <em>的 时候</em>，我 很 开心。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGJ36VN|Expressing Duration]] || [Verb Phrase] + [Duration] (+ 了) || <span class="liju">他 在 北京 住 <em>了</em> 两 年。</span>
+|[[ASGJ36VN|Expressing Duration]] || [Verb Phrase] + [Duration] (+ 了) || <span class="liju">他 在 北京 住 了<em> 两 年</em>。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGSVF28|Expressing Duration of Inaction]] || [Duration] + 没 + [Verb Phrase] ) (+ 了) || <span class="liju">他 已经 三 天 <em>没</em> 洗澡 <em>了</em>。</span>
+|[[ASGSVF28|Expressing Duration of Inaction]] || [Duration] + 没 + [Verb Phrase] ) (+ 了) || <span class="liju">他 已经 <em>三 天 没</em> 洗澡 了。</span>
 |}
@@ Line 81: / Line 81: @@
 ! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
 |-
-|[[ASGW66JM|The Sentence-Final Interjection "''a''"]] || ……啊！ || <span class="liju">你好啊！对啊！是啊！</span>
+|[[ASGW66JM|The Sentence-Final Interjection "''a''"]] || ……啊！ || <span class="liju">你好 <em>啊</em>！对 <em>啊</em>！是 <em>啊</em>！</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGTSWBR|Expressing Completion with "''le''"]] || V + 了 || <span class="liju">她去了北京。</span>
+|[[ASGTSWBR|Expressing Completion with "''le''"]] || V + 了 || <span class="liju">她 去 <em>了</em> 北京。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGZI1AC|Softening Speech with "''ba''"]] || ……吧。 || <span class="liju">这样不太好吧。</span>
+|[[ASGZI1AC|Softening Speech with "''ba''"]] || ……吧。 || <span class="liju">这样 不 太 好 <em>吧</em>。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGJIP2E|Conceding with "''ba''"]] || ……吧。 || <span class="liju">那好吧。</span>
+|[[ASGJIP2E|Conceding with "''ba''"]] || ……吧。 || <span class="liju">那 好 <em>吧</em>。</span>
 |}
@@ Line 96: / Line 96: @@
 ! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
 |-
-|[[ASGYKDNF|Questions with "''le ma''"]] || ……了 + 吗？ || <span class="liju">北京去了吗？</span>
+|[[ASGYKDNF|Questions with "''le ma''"]] || ……了 + 吗？ || <span class="liju">北京 去 <em>了 吗</em>？</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGD7NS3|Asking "Why" with "''zenme''"]] || 怎么……？ || <span class="liju">你怎么没来？</span>
+|[[ASGD7NS3|Asking "Why" with "''zenme''"]] || 怎么……？ || <span class="liju">你 <em>怎么</em> 没 来？</span>
 |}
@@ Line 107: / Line 107: @@
 ! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
 |-
-|[[ASGVUFKX|Modifying Nouns with Adjectives and "''de''"]] || Adj + 的 + N || <span class="liju">漂亮的衣服。好看的书。</span>
+|[[ASGVUFKX|Modifying Nouns with Adjectives and "''de''"]] || Adj + 的 + N || <span class="liju">漂亮 <em>的</em> 衣服。好 看 <em>的</em> 书。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGLQKD2|Modifying Nouns with Phrases and "''de''"]] || [Phrase] + 的 + N || <span class="liju">去北京的火车。今天来的人。</span>
+|[[ASGLQKD2|Modifying Nouns with Phrases and "''de''"]] || [Phrase] + 的 + N || <span class="liju">去 北京 <em>的</em> 火车。今天 来 <em>的</em> 人。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGPFUM2|"Both"… "And"… with "''you''"]] || 又…… 又…… || <span class="liju">他又高又帅。老师又漂亮又聪明。</span>
+|[[ASGPFUM2|"Both"… "And"… with "''you''"]] || 又…… 又…… || <span class="liju">他 <em>又</em> 高 <em>又</em> 帅。老师 <em>又</em> 漂亮 <em>又</em> 聪明。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGPM3MY|Expressing "a little (too)" with "''you yidian(r)''"]] || <span class="liju">有一点(儿) + Adj || 我有一点儿冷。他有一点饿。</span>
+|[[ASGPM3MY|Expressing "a little (too)" with "''you yidian(r)''"]] || <span class="liju">有一点(儿) + Adj || 我 <em>有一点儿</em> 冷。他 <em>有一点</em> 饿。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASG9LLJU|Asking about Degree with "''duo''"]] || 多 + Adj? || <span class="liju">他多高？外面多冷？</span>
+|[[ASG9LLJU|Asking about Degree with "''duo''"]] || 多 + Adj? || <span class="liju">他 <em>多</em> 高？外面 <em>多</em> 冷？</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGGH7RR|Using "''duo''" as an Intensifier]] || 多 + Adj || <span class="liju">多好！外面多舒服！</span>
+|[[ASGGH7RR|Using "''duo''" as an Intensifier]] || 多 + Adj || <span class="liju"><em>多</em> 好！外面 <em>多</em> 舒服！</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGIRILI|Continuation with "''hai''" to mean "Still"]] || 还 + V / Adj || <span class="liju">你还在看书？现在还早。</span>
+|[[ASGIRILI|Continuation with "''hai''" to mean "Still"]] || 还 + V / Adj || <span class="liju">你 <em>还</em> 在 看 书？现在 <em>还</em> 早。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGAY164|Moderating Positive Adjectives with "''hai''"]] || 还 + Adj || <span class="liju">还可以。还好。</span>
+|[[ASGAY164|Moderating Positive Adjectives with "''hai''"]] || 还 + Adj || <span class="liju"><em>还</em> 可以。<em>还</em> 好。</span>
 |}
@@ Line 130: / Line 130: @@
 ! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
 |-
-|[[ASGUD81S|Expressing "But" in Two Ways]] || ……，但是 / 可是…… || <span class="liju">我喜欢，但是我不要买。</span>
+|[[ASGUD81S|Expressing "But" in Two Ways]] || ……，但是 / 可是…… || <span class="liju">我 喜欢，<em>但是</em> 我 不 要 买。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGP0KFF|Expressing "And" with "''he''"]] || N1 + 和 + N2 || <span class="liju">你和她。</span>
+|[[ASGP0KFF|Expressing "And" with "''he''"]] || N1 + 和 + N2 || <span class="liju"> 你 <em>和</em> 她。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGLJ891|Explaining Causes with "''yinwei''"]] || ……，因为… || <span class="liju">我不喜欢汉字，因为很难记。</span>
+|[[ASGLJ891|Explaining Causes with "''yinwei''"]] || ……，因为… || <span class="liju">我 不 喜欢 汉字，<em>因为</em> 很 难 记。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGY20W7|Explaining Results with "''suoyi''"]] || ……，所以… || <span class="liju">我不学汉字，所以觉得中文很难。</span>
+|[[ASGY20W7|Explaining Results with "''suoyi''"]] || ……，所以… || <span class="liju">我 不 学 汉字，<em>所以</em> 觉得 中文 很 难。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASG6HYOU|"Or" in Non-Questions]] || ...或者… || <span class="liju">我想去青岛或者南京。</span>
+|[[ASG6HYOU|"Or" in Non-Questions]] || ...或者… || <span class="liju">我 想 去 青岛 <em>或者</em> 南京。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASG8VJM8|The Filler Word "''neige''"]] || ……那个…… || <span class="liju">我喜欢吃那个，那个……</span>
+|[[ASG8VJM8|The Filler Word "''neige''"]] || ……那个…… || <span class="liju">我 喜欢 吃 <em>那个</em>，<em>那个</em>……</span>
 |}
@@ Line 149: / Line 149: @@
 ! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
 |-
-|[[ASGK904U|Ordinal Numbers]] || 第 + Number (+ MW) || <span class="liju">这是第三课。</span>
+|[[ASGK904U|Ordinal Numbers]] || 第 + Number (+ MW) || <span class="liju">这 是 <em>第</em> 三 课。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGL6JOE|Counting Money]] || Number + 块/元 (+ Number + 毛/角) (+ 钱) || <span class="liju">给你五块三毛。</span>
+|[[ASGL6JOE|Counting Money]] || Number + 块/元 (+ Number + 毛/角) (+ 钱) || <span class="liju">给 你 五 <em>块</em> 三 <em>毛</em>。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGOUD8U|Approximating with Sequential Numbers]] || Number + [Number +1] || <span class="liju">三四个人。一两天。</span>
+|[[ASGOUD8U|Approximating with Sequential Numbers]] || Number + [Number +1] || <span class="liju"><em>三 四</em> 个 人。<em>一 两</em> 天。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASG64BTE|Measure Words for Counting]] || Number + MW + N || <span class="liju">一个人。一杯水。</span>
+|[[ASG64BTE|Measure Words for Counting]] || Number + MW + N || <span class="liju"> <em>一</em> 个 人。<em>一</em> 杯 水。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGL9KQM|Measure Words in Quantity Questions]] || 几 + MW (+ N) ? || <span class="liju">几个人？几杯水？</span>
+|[[ASGL9KQM|Measure Words in Quantity Questions]] || 几 + MW (+ N) ? || <span class="liju"> <em>几</em> 个 人？<em>几</em> 杯 水？</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGZC42B|Measure Words to Differentiate]] || 这 / 那 + MW (+ N) || <span class="liju">那个人。这杯水。</span>
+|[[ASGZC42B|Measure Words to Differentiate]] || 这 / 那 + MW (+ N) || <span class="liju"><em>那</em> 个 人。<em>这</em> 杯 水。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGB6L4M|Pronoun "''mei''" for "Every"]] || 每 + MW (+ N) || <span class="liju">每个人。每次。每天。</span>
+|[[ASGB6L4M|Pronoun "''mei''" for "Every"]] || 每 + MW (+ N) || <span class="liju"> <em>每</em> 个 人。<em>每</em> 次。<em>每</em> 天。</span>
 |}
@@ Line 170: / Line 170: @@
 ! Grammar Point (English) !! Pattern !! Examples
 |-
-|[[ASG8SI2K|Making Basic Comparisons with "''bi''"]] || N1 + 比 + N2 + Adj || <span class="liju">你比我胖。</span>
+|[[ASG8SI2K|Making Basic Comparisons with "''bi''"]] || N1 + 比 + N2 + Adj || <span class="liju">你 <em>比</em> 我 胖。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGEAH5M|Making Basic Comparisons with "''meiyou''"]] || N1 + 没有 + N2 + Adj || <span class="liju">你没有他胖。</span>
+|[[ASGEAH5M|Making Basic Comparisons with "''meiyou''"]] || N1 + 没有 + N2 + Adj || <span class="liju">你 <em>没有</em> 他 胖。</span>
 |-
-|[[ASGC06N0|Making Basic Comparisons with "''yiyang''"]] || N1 + 跟 + N2 + 一样 + Adj || <span class="liju">我跟你一样高。</span>
+|[[ASGC06N0|Making Basic Comparisons with "''yiyang''"]] || N1 + 跟 + N2 + 一样 + Adj || <span class="liju">我 <em>跟</em> 你 <em>一样</em> 高。</span>
 |}
 [[Category:Levels]]

Difference between revisions of "A2 grammar points"

Revision as of 03:39, 17 August 2011

Contents

Verbs

Time

Particles

Question Forms

Adjectives and Adverbs

Connectors

Numbers and Measure Words

Comparisons