Glossary
Adverb — This is an example with special commentary. Also known as: 副词 (fùcí). Adverbs are words that modify verbs and adjectives. In Chinese, word order of adverbs is much stricter than in English. Chinese adverbs normally come before the main verb of a sentence, but in some cases come right at the beginning of a sentence.
Auxiliary verb — Also known as: modal verb, 助动词 (zhùdòngcí), 情态动词 (qíngtài dòngcí) and 能愿动词 (néngyuàn dòngcí). Auxiliary verbs are "helping" verbs that come before main verbs and help express a tone or mood. (The word "modal" comes from "mood.") In English, auxiliary verbs include words like "should," "will," and "can," which all change something about the situation and the speaker's attitude. Auxiliary verbs express capability, possibility, necessity, obligation or willingness.
- Action verb 动作动词/行为动词
- Action-measure complement 动量补语
- Adjective 形容词
- Adjectival predicate sentence 形容词谓语句
- Adverb 副词
- Adverbial 状语
- Affirmative-negative questions 正反问句
- Affixes 词缀
- Aspect 动作状态/语态
- Aspectual particle 时态助词/动态助词
- Attributive 定语
- Auxiliary verb 助动词/情态动词/能愿动词
- Cardinal number 基数词
- Causative verb 使令动词/使役动词
- Complement 补语
- Complement of degree - see degree complement
- Complement of direction - see directional complement
- Complement of potentiality see potential complement
- Complement of quantity - see quantitative complement
- Complement of result - see result complement
- Complement of state 情态补语
- Complement of time-measure 时量补语
- Complex sentence 复句
- Conjunction 连词
- Content Word 实词
- Degree adverb 程度副词
- Degree complement 程度补语
- Demonstrative pronoun 指示代词
- Dependent clause 从句
- Direct object 直接宾语
- Directional verb 趋向动词
- Directional complement 趋向补语
- Distinguishing word 区别词
- Existential verb 存现动词
- Judgement verb 判断动词/关系动词
- Indirect object 间接宾语
- Independent clause 主句
- Independent phrase 独立语
- Interjection 叹词/感叹词
- Interrogative pronoun 疑问代词
- Intransitive verb 不及物动词
- Location noun 方位名词
- Main clause - see independent clause
- Main sentence - see main clause
- Measure word 量词
- Mimetic word - see onomatopoeia
- Modal particle 语气助词/语气词
- Modal verb - See auxiliary Verb"
- Negative adverb 否定副词
- Non-subject-predicate construction 非主谓句
- Noun 名词
- Noun measure word 名量词
- Noun phrase 名词短语
- Numeral 数词
- Nominal predicate sentence 名词谓语句
- Object 宾语
- Object pre-position 宾语前置
- Onomatopoeia 象声词/拟声词
- Ordinal number 序数词
- Particle 助词
- Passive structure 被动结构/被动句式/被动语态
- Personal pronoun 人称代词
- Place noun 处所名词
- Place adverb 处所副词
- Placement verb - see existential verb
- Phrase 短语/词组
- Possessive pronoun 物主代词
- Potential complement 可能补语
- Predicate 谓语
- Preposition 介词
- Prepositional phrase 介词短语
- Pronoun 代词
- Proper noun 专有名词
- Psychological verb 心理动词
- Qualitative adjective 性质形容词
- Quantitative phrase 数量短语
- Quantitative complement 数量补语
- Question pronoun - see interrogative pronoun
- Relational verb - see judgement verb
- Result complement 结果补语
- Scope adverb 范围副词
- Sentence with a nominal predicate - see nominal predicate sentence
- Sentence with a verbal predicate 动词谓语句
- Sentence with an adjectival predicate - see adjectival predicate sentence
- Sentence with a subject-predicate structure as predicate 主谓谓语句
- Sentence-final particle - see modal particle
- Sentential particle - see modal particle
- Separable verb 离合词
- Subject 主语
- Subject-predicate construction 主谓结构
- Subject-predicate sentence 主谓句
- Subordinate clause - see dependent clause
- Stative adjective 状态形容词
- Stative verb 静态动词/状态动词
- Structural particle 结构助词
- Time adverb 时间副词
- Time phrase 时间短语
- Time noun 时间名词
- Tone adverb 语气副词
- Topic-comment structure 主题句/主题结构/主题-评论结构/主题-述题结构/主题评述结构
- Transitive verb 及物动词
- Verb 动词
- Verb measure word 动量词
- Verb phrase 动词短语
- Verbal predicate sentence - see sentence with a verbal predicate