Expressing "again" in the past with "you"

Whenever you want to express something like "you did it again!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu).

又 Used in the Past

Structure

Normally, 又 is used to express an action that has already happened again for (at least) the second time. It doesn't have to be in quick succession; it happened before, and now it's happened again.

又 + Verb + 了

Examples

• 又 下雨 了 ！Yòu xiàyǔ le!It rains again!
• 你 又 迟到 了。Nǐ yòu chídào le.You came late again.
• 我 又 写 错 了。Wǒ yòu xiě cuò le.I wrote it wrong again.
• 宝宝 又 哭 了。Bǎobao yòu kū le.The baby is crying again.
• 他 又 喝 醉 了？Tā yòu hē zuì le?He got drunk again?

Colloquial Usage 又来了

"又来了" fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it's say, "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened again.

又 Used in the Future

Structure

When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又. It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind. In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a 了, indicating that something is about to happen.

又 + 要 / 可以 / 能 + Verb Phrase (+ 了)

Examples

• 明天 又 要 上班 了 ！Míngtiān yòu yào shàngbān le!I need to go to work tomorrow AGAIN!
• 我 又 要 迟到 了。Wǒ yòu yào chídào le.I'm going to be late again.
• 今晚 又 要 加班！Jīn wǎn yòu yào jiābān!Tonight we're going to work late again!
• 老板 请客，又 可以 吃 大餐 了！Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, yòu kěyǐ chī dàcān le!The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again!
• 快 过年 了，我们 又 能 拿 压岁钱 了！Kuài guònián le, wǒmen yòu néng ná yāsuìqián le!CNY is coming soon. We can get our new year money again!

See also

• "Both A and B" with "you"
• Comparing "zai" and "you"
• "Both… and…" with "ji...you"
• Advanced use of "you"
• Emphasizing negation with "you"

Sources and further reading

Books

• Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (pp. 141-2) →buy
• Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1 (pp. 157) →buy
• Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2 (pp. 288) →buy
• New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3) (pp. 202) →buy
• 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (p. 633) →buy
• 现代汉语虚词例释 (p. 588)→buy

Dictionaries

• 现代汉语八百词（增订本） (p. 633) →buy
• 现代汉语虚词例释 (p. 588)→buy
• 现代汉语词典（第5版） (p. 1656) →buy

Websites

• Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: Using 再 and 又