Difference between revisions of "Expressing "again" in the past with "you""

 
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Whenever you want to express something like "you did it again!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu).
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Whenever you want to express something that has happened [[again]], as in, "oops, I did it ''again''!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu). (You'll want to use [[Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"|再 (zài) for "again" in the future]].)
  
== 又 when something happened more than once in the past ==
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== Affirmative Form ==
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
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<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
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(Subj. +) 又 + Verb + 了
又 + Verb
 
 
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 我们 <em>又</em> 一 遍。<span class="trans">We learned it again.</span>
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* 我 <em></em> 做 错 了 !<span class="trans">I did it wrong again!</span>
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*<em>又</em> 下雨 <strong></strong> !<span class="pinyin"><em>Yòu</em> xiàyǔ <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">It rained again!</span>
* 宝宝 <em>又</em> 哭 了。<span class="trans">The baby is crying again.</span>
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*<em>又</em> 迟到 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yòu</em> chídào <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">You're late again.</span>
* 你 <em></em> 迟到 了。<span class="trans">You came late again.</span>
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*宝宝 <em>又</em> 哭 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Bǎobao <em>yòu</em> kū <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">The baby is crying again.</span>
* <em>又</em> 喝 醉 了, 他 的 胃 怎么 受 得 了?<span class="trans">He's drinking beer again. How does his stomach handle it?</span>
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*<em>又</em> 忘 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>yòu</em> wàng <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I forgot again.</span>
* 苹果 十 五 块 钱 一 斤?你 <em>又</em> 被 骗 了!<span class="trans">Fifteen kuai per jin for apples? You've been tricked again.</span>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
== 又 when something is about to occur==
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== Negative Form ==
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
 
When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又.  It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind.  In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì),  要 (yào), 可以 ( kěyǐ), 应该(yīnggāi), 能 (néng), or 会 (huì), and you'll notice that there's often a [[About to happen with "le"|了, indicating that something is about to happen]].
 
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
 
又 + 要/会/可以/应该 + Verb Phrase (+ 了)
 
 
</div>
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
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(Subj. +) 又 + 不 / 没 + Verb
又 + + Noun
 
 
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
* 明天<em>又</em>是星期一!<span class="trans">Tomorrow is Monday again!</span>
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* 老板<em></em>要找我开会了。<span class="trans">The boss pulled me into a meeting again.</span>
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*<em>又</em> <strong>没</strong> 来 上课 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yòu</em> <strong>méi</strong> lái shàngkè.</span><span class="trans">He didn't come to class again.</span>
* 这个周末<em>又</em>可以不加班了。<span class="trans">This weekend we don't need to work overtime again.</span>
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*你们 <em>又</em> <strong>不</strong> 付钱 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>yòu</em> <strong>bù</strong> fùqián?</span><span class="trans">You're not paying again?</span>
* <em>又</em>该我请客了?<span class="trans">Its my turn to treat again?</span>
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*<em>又</em> <strong>不</strong> 参加 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yòu</em> <strong>bù</strong> cānjiā?</span><span class="trans">You are not going to participate again?</span>
* 如果你告诉妈妈,妈妈<em>又</em>会生气了。<span class="trans">If you tell mom, mom will get mad again.</span>
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*对不起 ,我 <em>又</em> <strong>没</strong> 带 书 。<span class="pinyin">Duìbuqǐ, <em>yòu</em> <strong>méi</strong> dài shū.</span><span class="trans">Sorry, I forgot to bring the book again.</span>
* <em></em>过年了,我们<em></em>长了一岁。<span class="trans">It's the new year again, we've aged yet another year.</span>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
== 又 for something that happened again and again ==
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== Colloquial Saying 又来了 ==
=== Structure ===
 
  
In the pattern below, 又, together with a repeating verb, indicates that the speaker did something repeatedly (not just twice) in the past. Here, 又 represents recurring actions that occur repeatedly. This one is definitely the most advanced usage of 又 here, and you're not going to use it nearly as much as the others.
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又来了 fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it means "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened ''again''.
  
<div class="jiegou">
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== Other Usage ==
  
Verb + + 又 + Verb
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When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又. It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind. In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), or 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a [[About to happen with "le"|, indicating that something is about to happen]].
  
</div>
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Some examples:
 
 
=== Examples ===
 
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
* 宝宝 出生 了 , 妈妈 看 了<em></em> 看 ,高兴 得 不得了 。<span class="trans">The baby was born, mom looked at him again and again, full of happiness./span>
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*今天 <em>又</em> <strong>要</strong> 加班 <strong></strong> !<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān <em>yòu</em> <strong>yào</strong> jiābān <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">We've got to work overtime again today!</span>
* 这个 词 我 记 了 <em></em>记,还是 记 不住 。<span class="trans"> I tried to remember this term over and over again, I still can't remember it.</span>
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*老板 请客 ,<em>又</em> <strong>可以</strong> 吃 大餐 <strong></strong> !<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, <em>yòu</em> <strong>kěyǐ</strong> chī dàcān <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again!</span>
* 这个 方案 改 了 <em>又</em> 改 ,终 于 通过 <span class="trans"> This proposal has been altered again and again, finally it has passed. </span>
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*快 过年 ,我们 <em>又</em> <strong>能</strong> 拿 红包 <strong></strong> !<span class="pinyin">Kuài guònián le, wǒmen <em>yòu</em> <strong>néng</strong> ná hóngbāo <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">It's almost Chinese New Year. We can get our red packets [of money] again!</span>
* 我 想 了<em></em> 想,还是 不 能 这样 做 。<span class="trans"> I thought it over again and again, we can't do it like this. </span>
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
==See also==
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== See also ==
  
*[[Again in the past with "you"]]
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*[["Both A and B" with "you"]]
*[[Emphasizing negation with "you"]]
 
 
*[[Comparing "zai" and "you"]]
 
*[[Comparing "zai" and "you"]]
*[["Both A and B" with "you"]]
 
 
*[["Both… and…" with "ji...you"]]
 
*[["Both… and…" with "ji...you"]]
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* [[Advanced use of "you"]]
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*[[Emphasizing negation with "you"]]
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*[[Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"]]
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
* [[现代汉语八百词(增订本)]] (p. 633) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|141-2}}
* [[现代汉语虚词例释]] (p. 588)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|157}}
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2|288}}
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)|202}}
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{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|633}}
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{{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|588}}
  
 
=== Dictionaries ===
 
=== Dictionaries ===
* [[现代汉语词典(第5版)]] (p. 1656) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]
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 +
{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|633}}
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{{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|588}}
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{{Source|现代汉语词典(第5版)|1656}}
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=== Websites ===
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* Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/chineseusagedictionary/0212.html Using 再 and 又]
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[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
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{{HSK|HSK3}}
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[[Category: Adverbs]]
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{{Basic Grammar|又|B1|又 + Verb + 了|你 <em>又</em> 迟到 <strong>了</strong> 。|grammar point|ASGN1JR5}}
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{{Rel char|了}}
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{{Similar|Comparing "zai" and "you"}}
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{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
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{{Used for|Referring to the past}}
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{{Similar|Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"}}
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{{Similar|Comparing "zai" and "you"}}
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{{Similar|Emphasizing negation with "you"}}
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{{Similar|Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"}}
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{{Similar|Doing Something Over and Over with "zaisan"}}
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{{Similar|Repeated actions in the past with "you"}}
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{{POS|Adverbs}}
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{{Translation|again}}

Latest revision as of 01:53, 10 November 2020

Whenever you want to express something that has happened again, as in, "oops, I did it again!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu). (You'll want to use 再 (zài) for "again" in the future.)

Affirmative Form

Structure

Normally, 又 is used to express an action that has already happened again for (at least) the second time. It doesn't have to be in quick succession; it happened before, and now it's happened again.

(Subj. +) 又 + Verb + 了

Examples

  • 下雨 Yòu xiàyǔ le!It rained again!
  • 迟到 yòu chídào le.You're late again.
  • 宝宝 Bǎobao yòule.The baby is crying again.
  • yòu wàng le.I forgot again.

Negative Form

Structure

(Subj. +) 又 + 不 / 没 + Verb

Examples

  • 来 上课 。yòu méi lái shàngkè.He didn't come to class again.
  • 你们 付钱 ?Nǐmen yòu fùqián?You're not paying again?
  • 参加 ?yòu cānjiā?You are not going to participate again?
  • 对不起 ,我 带 书 。Duìbuqǐ, wǒ yòu méi dài shū.Sorry, I forgot to bring the book again.

Colloquial Saying 又来了

又来了 fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it means "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened again.

Other Usage

When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又. It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind. In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), or 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a 了, indicating that something is about to happen.

Some examples:

  • 今天 加班 Jīntiān yòu yào jiābān le!We've got to work overtime again today!
  • 老板 请客 , 可以 吃 大餐 Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, yòu kěyǐ chī dàcān le!The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again!
  • 快 过年 了 ,我们 拿 红包 Kuài guònián le, wǒmen yòu néng ná hóngbāo le!It's almost Chinese New Year. We can get our red packets [of money] again!

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries

Websites