Difference between revisions of "Expressing "again" in the past with "you""

 
(54 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
{{Grammar Box}}  
 
{{Grammar Box}}  
  
Whenever you want to express something like "you did it again!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu).
+
Whenever you want to express something that has happened [[again]], as in, "oops, I did it ''again''!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu). (You'll want to use [[Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"|再 (zài) for "again" in the future]].)
  
== 又 when something happened more than once in the past ==
+
== Affirmative Form ==
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
Line 10: Line 10:
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
+
(Subj. +) 又 + Verb + 了
又+Verb+了
 
 
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
Line 19: Line 17:
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*<em>又</em> 来了 !<span class="pinyin"><em>Yòu</em> lái le!</span><span class="trans">Here comes it again!</span>
+
*<em>又</em> 下雨 <strong>了</strong> !<span class="pinyin"><em>Yòu</em> xiàyǔ <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">It rained again!</span>
*你 <em>又</em> 迟到 了。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yòu</em> chídào le.</span><span class="trans">You came late again.</span>
+
*你 <em>又</em> 迟到 <strong></strong> <span class="pinyin"><em>yòu</em> chídào <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">You're late again.</span>
*你 <em></em> 写 错 了。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yòu</em> xiě cuò le.</span><span class="trans">You wrote it wrong again.</span>
+
*宝宝 <em>又</em> <strong></strong> <span class="pinyin">Bǎobao <em>yòu</em> <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">The baby is crying again.</span>
*你们 <em>又</em> 忘 了 我 的 生日。<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>yòu</em> wàng le wǒ de shēngrì.</span><span class="trans">You all forgot my birthday again.</span>
+
*<em>又</em> 忘 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin"><em>yòu</em> wàng <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I forgot again.</span>
*宝宝 <em></em> 哭 了。<span class="pinyin">Bǎobao <em>yòu</em> kū le.</span><span class="trans">The baby is crying again.</span>
 
*<em>又</em> 喝 醉 了?<span class="pinyin"><em>yòu</em> hē zuì le?</span><span class="trans">He got drunk again?</span>
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
=== Colloquial usage 又来了 ===
+
== Negative Form ==
  
"又来了" fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it's say, "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened ''again''.
+
=== Structure ===
  
== when something is about to occur==
+
<div class="jiegou">
 +
(Subj. +) + 不 / 没 + Verb
 +
</div>
  
=== Structure ===
+
=== Examples ===
 +
 
 +
<div class="liju">
 +
 
 +
*他 <em>又</em> <strong>没</strong> 来 上课 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yòu</em> <strong>méi</strong> lái shàngkè.</span><span class="trans">He didn't come to class again.</span>
 +
*你们 <em>又</em> <strong>不</strong> 付钱 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>yòu</em> <strong>bù</strong> fùqián?</span><span class="trans">You're not paying again?</span>
 +
*你 <em>又</em> <strong>不</strong> 参加 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yòu</em> <strong>bù</strong> cānjiā?</span><span class="trans">You are not going to participate again?</span>
 +
*对不起 ,我 <em>又</em> <strong>没</strong> 带 书 。<span class="pinyin">Duìbuqǐ, wǒ <em>yòu</em> <strong>méi</strong> dài shū.</span><span class="trans">Sorry, I forgot to bring the book again.</span>
  
When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又.  It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind.  In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), 应该(yīnggāi), 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a [[About to happen with "le"|了, indicating that something is about to happen]].
+
</div>
  
<div class="jiegou">
+
== Colloquial Saying 又来了 ==
  
又 + 是+Noun
+
又来了 fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it means "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened ''again''.
  
又 + 要 / 会 / 能 / 应该 + Verb Phrase ( + 了)
+
== Other Usage ==
  
</div>
+
When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又. It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind. In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), or 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a [[About to happen with "le"|了, indicating that something is about to happen]].
  
=== Examples ===
+
Some examples:
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
*明天 <em>又</em> 是 星期 一 !<span class="pinyin">Míngtiān <em>yòu</em> shì Xīngqīyī!</span><span class="trans">Tomorrow will be Monday AGAIN!</span>
+
*今天 <em>又</em> <strong></strong> 加班 <strong></strong> <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān <em>yòu</em> <strong>yào</strong> jiābān <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">We've got to work overtime again today!</span>
*我 <em></em> 要 迟到 了。<span class="pinyin"><em>yòu</em> yào chídào le.</span><span class="trans">I'm going to be late again.</span>
+
*老板 请客 ,<em>又</em> <strong>可以</strong> 吃 大餐 <strong></strong> <span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, <em>yòu</em> <strong>kěyǐ</strong> chī dàcān <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again!</span>
* 这 个 周末<em>又</em> 要 加班 了。<span class="pinyin">Zhège zhōumò <em>yòu</em> yào jiābān le.</span><span class="trans">This weekend we need to work overtime again.</span>
+
*快 过年 了 ,我们 <em>又</em> <strong></strong> 拿 红包 <strong>了</strong> !<span class="pinyin">Kuài guònián le, wǒmen <em>yòu</em> <strong>néng</strong> ná hóngbāo <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">It's almost Chinese New Year. We can get our red packets [of money] again!</span>
*<em></em>该 我 请客 了?<span class="pinyin"><em>Yòu</em> gāi wǒ qǐngkè le?</span><span class="trans">It's my turn to treat again?</span>
+
 
*<em>又</em> 要 过年 了,我们 <em></em> 压岁钱 了!<span class="pinyin"><em>Yòu</em> yào guò nián le, wǒmen <em>yòu</em> néng yāsuìqián le!</span><span class="trans">It's the new year again.We can get our new year money again!</span>
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
==See also==
+
== See also ==
  
*[[Again in the past with "you"]]
+
*[["Both A and B" with "you"]]
*[[Emphasizing negation with "you"]]
 
 
*[[Comparing "zai" and "you"]]
 
*[[Comparing "zai" and "you"]]
*[["Both A and B" with "you"]]
 
 
*[["Both… and…" with "ji...you"]]
 
*[["Both… and…" with "ji...you"]]
 +
* [[Advanced use of "you"]]
 +
*[[Emphasizing negation with "you"]]
 +
*[[Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"]]
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
Line 69: Line 74:
 
=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)]] (pp. 141-2) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276709/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276709 →buy]
+
{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|141-2}}
* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1]] (pp. 157) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276792/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276792 →buy]
+
{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|157}}
* [[Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2]] (pp. 288) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276881/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0887276881 →buy]
+
{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2|288}}
* [[New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)]] (pp. 202) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191251X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=756191251X →buy]
+
{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)|202}}
* [[现代汉语八百词(增订本)]] (p. 633) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
+
{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|633}}
* [[现代汉语虚词例释]] (p. 588)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
+
{{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|588}}
  
 
=== Dictionaries ===
 
=== Dictionaries ===
*[[现代汉语八百词(增订本)]] (p. 633) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
 
*[[现代汉语虚词例释]] (p. 588)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
 
* [[现代汉语词典(第5版)]] (p. 1656) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]
 
  
===Websites===
+
{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|633}}
 +
{{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|588}}
 +
{{Source|现代汉语词典(第5版)|1656}}
 +
 
 +
=== Websites ===
 +
 
 
* Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/chineseusagedictionary/0212.html Using 再 and 又]
 
* Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/chineseusagedictionary/0212.html Using 再 and 又]
  
 
[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
 
[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
 +
{{HSK|HSK3}}
 
[[Category: Adverbs]]
 
[[Category: Adverbs]]
  
{{Basic Grammar|又|B1|又 + Verb|你 <em>又</em> 迟到 了。|grammar point|ASGN1JR5}}
+
{{Basic Grammar|又|B1|又 + Verb + 了|你 <em>又</em> 迟到 <strong>了</strong> 。|grammar point|ASGN1JR5}}
 
{{Rel char|了}}
 
{{Rel char|了}}
 
{{Similar|Comparing "zai" and "you"}}
 
{{Similar|Comparing "zai" and "you"}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
 
{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
 
{{Used for|Referring to the past}}
 
{{Used for|Referring to the past}}
 +
{{Similar|Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"}}
 +
{{Similar|Comparing "zai" and "you"}}
 +
{{Similar|Emphasizing negation with "you"}}
 +
{{Similar|Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"}}
 
{{Similar|Doing Something Over and Over with "zaisan"}}
 
{{Similar|Doing Something Over and Over with "zaisan"}}
 +
{{Similar|Repeated actions in the past with "you"}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}
 
{{POS|Adverbs}}
 
{{Translation|again}}
 
{{Translation|again}}

Latest revision as of 01:53, 10 November 2020

Whenever you want to express something that has happened again, as in, "oops, I did it again!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu). (You'll want to use 再 (zài) for "again" in the future.)

Affirmative Form

Structure

Normally, 又 is used to express an action that has already happened again for (at least) the second time. It doesn't have to be in quick succession; it happened before, and now it's happened again.

(Subj. +) 又 + Verb + 了

Examples

  • 下雨 Yòu xiàyǔ le!It rained again!
  • 迟到 yòu chídào le.You're late again.
  • 宝宝 Bǎobao yòule.The baby is crying again.
  • yòu wàng le.I forgot again.

Negative Form

Structure

(Subj. +) 又 + 不 / 没 + Verb

Examples

  • 来 上课 。yòu méi lái shàngkè.He didn't come to class again.
  • 你们 付钱 ?Nǐmen yòu fùqián?You're not paying again?
  • 参加 ?yòu cānjiā?You are not going to participate again?
  • 对不起 ,我 带 书 。Duìbuqǐ, wǒ yòu méi dài shū.Sorry, I forgot to bring the book again.

Colloquial Saying 又来了

又来了 fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it means "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened again.

Other Usage

When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又. It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind. In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), or 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a 了, indicating that something is about to happen.

Some examples:

  • 今天 加班 Jīntiān yòu yào jiābān le!We've got to work overtime again today!
  • 老板 请客 , 可以 吃 大餐 Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, yòu kěyǐ chī dàcān le!The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again!
  • 快 过年 了 ,我们 拿 红包 Kuài guònián le, wǒmen yòu néng ná hóngbāo le!It's almost Chinese New Year. We can get our red packets [of money] again!

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries

Websites