Difference between revisions of "Expressing "again" in the past with "you""

 
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Whenever you want to express something like "you did it again!" in Chinese, you may want to use 又(yòu).
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Whenever you want to express something that has happened [[again]], as in, "oops, I did it ''again''!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu). (You'll want to use [[Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"|再 (zài) for "again" in the future]].)
  
== 又 indicates repeated action ==
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== Affirmative Form ==
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
Normally, “又” is used to express an action that has happened again for the second time.  
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Normally, is used to express an action that has already happened again for (at least) the second time. It doesn't have to be in quick succession; it happened before, and now it's happened again.
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
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(Subj. +) 又 + Verb + 了
又 + Verb
 
 
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
* 我们 <em>又</em> 一 遍。<span class="trans">We learned it again.</span>
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*<em>又</em> 下雨 <strong></strong> !<span class="pinyin"><em>Yòu</em> xiàyǔ <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">It rained again!</span>
* <em>又</em> 做 错 <span class="trans">I did it wrong again!</span>
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*<em>又</em> 迟到 <strong></strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yòu</em> chídào <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">You're late again.</span>
* 宝宝 <em>又</em> 哭 了。<span class="trans">The baby is crying again.</span>
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*宝宝 <em>又</em> 哭 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Bǎobao <em>yòu</em> kū <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">The baby is crying again.</span>
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*我 <em>又</em>  忘 <strong>了</strong> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ <em>yòu</em> wàng <strong>le</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I forgot again.</span>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
== 又 indicates 动作将会发生==
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== Negative Form ==
  
 
=== Structure ===
 
=== Structure ===
 
如果要表示一种动作或现象有规律地重复出现,也需要用“又”,而且通常跟“要”、“可以”、“是”、“该”、“能”、“会”等词,而且句尾通常有语气词“了”出现。这种用法一般用于说话者基于以往的事实规律做出的推断。
 
  
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
<div class="jiegou">
 
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(Subj. +) 又 + / + Verb
又 + 要/该/是/可以 + Verb/Noun
 
 
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
* <em>又</em>过年了,我们<em></em>长了一岁。
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*<em>又</em> <strong>没</strong> 来 上课 。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yòu</em> <strong>méi</strong> lái shàngkè.</span><span class="trans">He didn't come to class again.</span>
* 明天<em>又</em>是星期一!
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*你们 <em>又</em> <strong>不</strong> 付钱 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <em>yòu</em> <strong>bù</strong> fùqián?</span><span class="trans">You're not paying again?</span>
* 老板<em>又</em>要找我开会了。
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*<em>又</em> <strong>不</strong> 参加 ?<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>yòu</em> <strong>bù</strong> cānjiā?</span><span class="trans">You are not going to participate again?</span>
* 这个周末<em></em>可以不加班了。
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*对不起 ,我 <em>又</em> <strong>没</strong> 带 书 。<span class="pinyin">Duìbuqǐ, wǒ <em>yòu</em> <strong>méi</strong> dài shū.</span><span class="trans">Sorry, I forgot to bring the book again.</span>
* <em>又</em>该我请客了?
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* 如果你告诉妈妈,妈妈<em></em>会生气了。
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
== 又 indicates 动作多次重复出现 ==
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== Colloquial Saying 又来了 ==
 
 
=== Structure ===
 
 
 
"又"不但可以表示动作重复出现,还可以表示动作反复出现多次。
 
  
<div class="jiegou">
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又来了 fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it means "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened ''again''.
  
Verb + 了 + 又 + Verb
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== Other Usage ==
  
</div>
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When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又. It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind. In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), or 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a [[About to happen with "le"|了, indicating that something is about to happen]].
  
=== Examples ===
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Some examples:
  
 
<div class="liju">
 
<div class="liju">
  
* 宝宝出生了,妈妈看了<em>又</em>看,高兴得不得了。
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*今天 <em>又</em> <strong>要</strong> 加班 <strong>了</strong> !<span class="pinyin">Jīntiān <em>yòu</em> <strong>yào</strong> jiābān <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">We've got to work overtime again today!</span>
* 这个词我记了<em>又</em>记,还是记不住。
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*老板 请客 ,<em>又</em> <strong>可以</strong> 吃 大餐 <strong>了</strong> !<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, <em>yòu</em> <strong>kěyǐ</strong> chī dàcān <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again!</span>
* 这个方案改了<em>又</em>改,终于通过了。
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*快 过年 了 ,我们 <em>又</em> <strong>能</strong> 拿 红包 <strong>了</strong> !<span class="pinyin">Kuài guònián le, wǒmen <em>yòu</em> <strong>néng</strong> ná hóngbāo <strong>le</strong>!</span><span class="trans">It's almost Chinese New Year. We can get our red packets [of money] again!</span>
* 我想了<em></em>想,还是不能这样做。
 
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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== See also ==
  
==See also==
 
 
*[[Again in the past with "you"]]
 
*[[Emphasizing negation with "you"]]
 
*[[Comparing "zai" and "you" ]]
 
 
*[["Both A and B" with "you"]]
 
*[["Both A and B" with "you"]]
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*[[Comparing "zai" and "you"]]
 
*[["Both… and…" with "ji...you"]]
 
*[["Both… and…" with "ji...you"]]
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* [[Advanced use of "you"]]
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*[[Emphasizing negation with "you"]]
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*[[Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"]]
  
 
== Sources and further reading ==
 
== Sources and further reading ==
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=== Books ===
 
=== Books ===
  
*[[现代汉语八百词(增订本)]] (p. 633) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed)|141-2}}
*[[现代汉语虚词例释]] (p. 588)[http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693275&sr=8-1 →buy]
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1|157}}
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{{Source|Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2|288}}
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{{Source|New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3)|202}}
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{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|633}}
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{{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|588}}
  
 
=== Dictionaries ===
 
=== Dictionaries ===
* [[现代汉语词典(第5版)]] (p. 1656) [http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1345693609&sr=8-1 →buy]
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{{Source|现代汉语八百词(增订本)|633}}
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{{Source|现代汉语虚词例释|588}}
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{{Source|现代汉语词典(第5版)|1656}}
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=== Websites ===
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* Yale Chinese Usage Dictionary: [http://comet.cls.yale.edu/chineseusagedictionary/0212.html Using 再 and 又]
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[[Category:B1 grammar points]]
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{{HSK|HSK3}}
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[[Category: Adverbs]]
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{{Basic Grammar|又|B1|又 + Verb + 了|你 <em>又</em> 迟到 <strong>了</strong> 。|grammar point|ASGN1JR5}}
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{{Rel char|了}}
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{{Similar|Comparing "zai" and "you"}}
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{{Used for|Expressing time and date}}
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{{Used for|Referring to the past}}
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{{Similar|Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"}}
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{{Similar|Comparing "zai" and "you"}}
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{{Similar|Emphasizing negation with "you"}}
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{{Similar|Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"}}
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{{Similar|Doing Something Over and Over with "zaisan"}}
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{{Similar|Repeated actions in the past with "you"}}
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{{POS|Adverbs}}
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{{Translation|again}}

Latest revision as of 01:53, 10 November 2020

Whenever you want to express something that has happened again, as in, "oops, I did it again!" in Chinese, you generally want to use 又 (yòu). (You'll want to use 再 (zài) for "again" in the future.)

Affirmative Form

Structure

Normally, 又 is used to express an action that has already happened again for (at least) the second time. It doesn't have to be in quick succession; it happened before, and now it's happened again.

(Subj. +) 又 + Verb + 了

Examples

  • 下雨 Yòu xiàyǔ le!It rained again!
  • 迟到 yòu chídào le.You're late again.
  • 宝宝 Bǎobao yòule.The baby is crying again.
  • yòu wàng le.I forgot again.

Negative Form

Structure

(Subj. +) 又 + 不 / 没 + Verb

Examples

  • 来 上课 。yòu méi lái shàngkè.He didn't come to class again.
  • 你们 付钱 ?Nǐmen yòu fùqián?You're not paying again?
  • 参加 ?yòu cānjiā?You are not going to participate again?
  • 对不起 ,我 带 书 。Duìbuqǐ, wǒ yòu méi dài shū.Sorry, I forgot to bring the book again.

Colloquial Saying 又来了

又来了 fits the above pattern, but is also a little tricky because it expresses something that is still ongoing, and has already started as the speaker is speaking. Literally it means "here it comes again," but it's more accurate to translate it as "there it is again," or "there [he] goes again." It indicates that the speaker is a bit annoyed that it happened again.

Other Usage

When it becomes clear that something is about to happen again, you can also use 又. It's almost as if it has already happened in your mind. In these cases, it's quite common for 又 to be immediately followed by 是 (shì), 要 (yào), 可以 (kěyǐ), or 能 (néng), and you'll notice that there's often a 了, indicating that something is about to happen.

Some examples:

  • 今天 加班 Jīntiān yòu yào jiābān le!We've got to work overtime again today!
  • 老板 请客 , 可以 吃 大餐 Lǎobǎn qǐngkè, yòu kěyǐ chī dàcān le!The boss is going to treat us. We can have a big meal again!
  • 快 过年 了 ,我们 拿 红包 Kuài guònián le, wǒmen yòu néng ná hóngbāo le!It's almost Chinese New Year. We can get our red packets [of money] again!

See also

Sources and further reading

Books

Dictionaries

Websites