Difference between revisions of "Learning to use "le""
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| − | Everyone thinks at first that 了 (le) is best learned as a series of hard and fast rules, similar to how you know what tense to use in Spanish. In reality, though, it's much easier to use 了 as a group of patterns. If you learn all of these patterns progressively, you will naturally start to get a feel for 了. | + | Everyone thinks at first that [[了]] (le) is best learned as a series of hard and fast rules, similar to how you know what tense to use in Spanish. In reality, though, it's much easier to learn to use 了 as a group of patterns. If you learn all of these patterns progressively, you will naturally start to get a feel for 了. |
| − | == | + | == 1. Completion with 了 (le) == |
{{Print List|ASGAGDCQ, | {{Print List|ASGAGDCQ, | ||
| − | ASGNQUC1, | + | ASGYKDNF, |
| + | ASGNQUC1,}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == 2. Expressing "Already" with 了 (le) == | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{Print List|ASGNXI27, | ||
| + | ASGT1CIR, | ||
ASGM055L, | ASGM055L, | ||
| − | + | ASGP69JD}} | |
| − | |||
| − | }} | ||
| − | == | + | == 3. Patterns for Indicating Degree with 了 (le) == |
{{Print List|ASG8HVFN, | {{Print List|ASG8HVFN, | ||
ASGLEVUV, | ASGLEVUV, | ||
| − | + | ASGVME5V, | |
| − | + | ASG49BE6, | |
| − | + | ASG6ESWW, | |
| − | + | ASG6KUS5,}} | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | ASG6KUS5 | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | == Indicating Change of State == | + | == 4. Indicating Change of State with 了 (le) == |
{{Print List|ASGT185D, | {{Print List|ASGT185D, | ||
| − | + | ASGE5Q4J, | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
ASGFR96B, | ASGFR96B, | ||
| − | ASGNGEU8, | + | ASGZ8OIF, |
| − | ASG9B210, | + | ASG7UE4H}} |
| − | + | ||
| + | == 5. "About to" with 了 (le) == | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{Print List|ASGNGEU8, | ||
| + | ASG9B210,}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == 6. Expressing Duration with 了 (le) == | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{Print List|ASGJ36VN, | ||
| + | ASG69RR8, | ||
| + | ASGSVF28,}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == 7. Time-related Patterns Using 了 (le) == | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{Print List|ASGN1JR5, | ||
| + | ASGKITRZ, | ||
| + | ASG700A5, | ||
| + | ASG06EA8,}} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:53, 21 February 2020
Everyone thinks at first that 了 (le) is best learned as a series of hard and fast rules, similar to how you know what tense to use in Spanish. In reality, though, it's much easier to learn to use 了 as a group of patterns. If you learn all of these patterns progressively, you will naturally start to get a feel for 了.
Contents
1. Completion with 了 (le)
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing completion with "le" | Subj. + Verb + 了 + Obj. | 我 吃 了 两 个 苹果。 |
| Questions with "le ma" | Verb + 了 + 吗？ | 你 吃饭 了 吗 ？ |
| Result complement "-wan" for finishing | Verb + 完 (+ 了) | 我 说 完 了。 |
2. Expressing "Already" with 了 (le)
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "already" with "yijing" | 已经⋯⋯了 | 他 已经 走 了 。 |
| Expressing "already" with "dou" | 都 + Time + 了 | 都 九点 了 ，快点 起床 ！ |
| Expressing "already" with just "le" | Subj. + Verb Phrase + 了 | 你 应该 问 老师 。我 问 了 。 |
| Using "guo" with "le" | Verb + 过 + 了 | 她 吃 过 了 。 |
3. Patterns for Indicating Degree with 了 (le)
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "excessively" with "tai" | 太 + Adj. + 了 | 太 好 了 ! |
| Negative adjectives with "-si le" | Adj. + 死了 | 我 今天 累 死了 。 |
| Adjectives with "-ji le" | Adj. + 极了 | 这个 主意 好 极了 。 |
| Expressing "enough" with "gou" | Subj. + 够 + Predicate (+ 了) | 我们 买 了 很 多 菜 ，够 吃 了 。 |
| Expressing "almost" using "chadian" | Subj. + 差点 + Predicate | 我 今天 差点儿 迟到 了 。 |
| Expressing "much more" in comparisons | Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + Adj. + 多了 | 拼音 比 汉字 容易 多了 。 |
4. Indicating Change of State with 了 (le)
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Change of state with "le" | ⋯⋯了 | 我 25 岁 了。 |
| Expressing "now" with "le" | New Situation + 了 | 吃饭 了！ |
| Expressing "not anymore" with "le" | 不 / 没(有) + Verb Phrase + 了 | 我 不 想 吃 了 。 |
| Expressing "stop doing" with "bie… le" | 别 + Verb + 了 | 别 哭 了，烦 死了 。 |
| Expressing "more and more" with "yuelaiyue" | Subj. + 越来越 + Adj. + 了 | 天气 越来越 冷 了。 |
5. "About to" with 了 (le)
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "about to happen" with "le" | 快 + Verb / Adj. + 了 | 快 下雨 了 。 |
| Expressing "about to" with "jiuyao" | 还有 + Time Period + 就要 + Verb Phrase + 了 | 还有 五 天 就要 放假 了 。 |
6. Expressing Duration with 了 (le)
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing duration with "le" | Verb + 了 + Duration | 他 在 北京 住 了 两 年。 |
| Expressing ongoing duration with double "le" | Verb + 了 + Duration + 了 | 他 在 北京 住 了 两 年 了。 |
| Expressing duration of inaction | Duration + 没 + Verb + 了 | 他 已经 一 个 星期 没 洗澡 了 。 |
| Grammar Point (English) | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Expressing "again" in the past with "you" | 又 + Verb + 了 | 你 又 迟到 了 。 |
| Expressing earliness with "jiu" | Subj. + Time + 就 + Verb + 了 | 我 昨晚 八 点 半 就 睡觉 了 。 |
| Expressing "finally" with "zhongyu" | Subj. + 终于 + Predicate + 了 | 你 终于 到 了 。 |
| Expressing "all at once" with "yixiazi" | Subj. + 一下子 + Verb + 了 | 天气 一下子 变 冷 了 。 |
