Difference between revisions of "B1 grammar points"

Latest revision as of 02:35, 18 November 2021

"B1" (Intermediate) is the third level as defined by the European Common Framework. It is roughly equivalent to HSK Levels 3-4.

There are 143 total grammar points in the list below.

Parts of Speech

These following grammar points fit pretty neatly into one part of speech category.

Adjectives

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Adjectives with "-ji le"	Adj. + 极了	这个主意好极了。
Expressing "not very" with "bu zenme"	不怎么 + Adj.	这里的菜他不怎么好吃！
Indicating the whole with "quan"	全 + Noun	我们全家都去旅游了。
Reduplication of adjectives	Adj. + Adj.	你应该慢慢地走。
Turning adjectives into adverbs	Adj. + 地 + Verb	你要认真地学习。

Adverbs

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Coincidence with "zhenghao"	Subj. + 正好 + Verb Phrase	他正好问了我想问的问题。
Continuation with "hai"	Subj. + 还 + Verb Phrase / Adj.	你还在看书？
Emphasis with "jiushi"	就是 + Verb	我父母就是不让我一个人去。
Emphasizing negation with "you"	又 + 不 / 没 + Verb	又没下雨，带伞干吗？
Expressing "about to" with "jiuyao"	还有 + Time Period + 就要 + Verb Phrase + 了	还有五天就要放假了。
Expressing "again" in the future with "zai"	再 + Verb	我下次再来。
Expressing "again" in the past with "you"	又 + Verb + 了	你又迟到了。
Expressing "all along" with "yuanlai"	Subj. + 原来 + Predicate	原来昨天那个人是你啊。
Expressing "all at once" with "yixiazi"	Subj. + 一下子 + Verb + 了	天气一下子变冷了。
Expressing "almost" using "chadian"	Subj. + 差点 + Predicate	我今天差点儿迟到了。
Expressing "already" with "dou"	都 + Time + 了	都九点了，快点起床！
Expressing "always" with "conglai"	从来 + 都 (是) + Predicate	我从来都是一个人，已经习惯了。
Expressing "as a result" with "jieguo"	Reason / Condition ，结果 + Result	他没好好复习，结果没通过考试。
Expressing duration of inaction	Duration + 没 + Verb + 了	他已经一个星期没洗澡了。
Expressing "each other" with "huxiang"	互相 + Verb Phrase	互相帮助
Expressing earliness with "jiu"	Subj. + Time + 就 + Verb + 了	我昨晚八点半就睡觉了。
Expressing "enough" with "gou"	Subj. + 够 + Predicate (+ 了)	我们买了很多菜，够吃了。
Expressing "finally" with "zhongyu"	Subj. + 终于 + Predicate + 了	你终于到了。
Expressing "had better" with "haishi"	还是 + Verb	我们还是先吃饭吧。
Expressing "had better" with "zuihao"	Subj. + 最好 + Predicate	你最好先休息一下。
Expressing "in this way" with "zheyang"	Condition ，这样 + Result / Purpose	这样做不对。
Expressing lateness with "cai"	Subj. + Time + 才 + Verb	他二十五岁才上大学。
Expressing "one by one" with "yi"	一 + Measure Word + 一 + Measure Word	宝宝一天一天在长大。
Expressing "small quantity" with "jiu"	就 + Subject + Predicate	这件事就我一个人知道。
Sequencing with "xian" and "zai"	先⋯⋯ ，再⋯⋯	先洗手，再吃饭。
Using "always" as a complaint with "laoshi"	Subj. + 老 (是 ) + Verb	你怎么老是加班？
Using "cai" for small numbers	才 + Number + Measure Word + Noun	这个班才两个学生。
Using "ye" and "dou" together	也都 + Verb / Adj.	他们也都是法国人。

Adverbs with Adjectives

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Adjectives with "name" and "zheme"	那么 / 这么 + Adj.	你怎么那么忙？
Expressing "quite" with "ting"	挺 + Adj. + 的	你男朋友挺帅的。
Expressing "rather" with "bijiao"	Subj. + 比较 + Adj.	这个问题比较简单。

Auxiliary Words

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Ending a non-exhaustive list with "shenme de"	Noun 1, Noun 2 + 什么的	明天去野餐，我们要不要买一些水果，零食什么的。
Expressing "stuff like that" with "zhileide"	像 ⋯⋯ 之类的 + Category	你喜欢《星球大战》之类的电影吗？
Non-exhaustive lists with "dengdeng"	⋯⋯ 等 / 等等	长城、故宫等地方都是北京有名的景点。

Conjunctions

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
A softer "but" with "buguo"	⋯⋯ ，不过 ⋯⋯	他的汉语口语不错，不过不认识汉字。
Expressing "how about" with "yaobu"	Reason / Situation，要不 + Suggestion + 吧	下雨了，要不明天再去吧。
Expressing "in addition" with "haiyou"	⋯⋯ ，还有，⋯⋯	你需要吃药。还有，要多休息。
Expressing "in addition" with "lingwai"	⋯⋯ ，另外，⋯⋯	希望你不要再迟到了。另外，你应该穿得正式一点。
Expressing "in addition" with "zaishuo"	⋯⋯ ，再说，⋯⋯	这么晚，别走了。再说，外面还在下雨。
Expressing "then…" with "name"	那么⋯⋯	他不听，那我应该怎么办？
Using "lai" to connect two verb phrases	通过 / 用 + Method + 来 + Verb Phrase	用这种方法来赚钱，真丢人。

Measure Words

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Reduplication of measure words	MW + MW	个个都很好。

Nouns

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Expressing "before" and "after" with "zhiqian" and "zhihou"	Event + 之前 / 之后，⋯⋯	出国之前，他和女朋友分手了。
Expressing "ever since" with "yilai"	Time / Event + 以来，⋯⋯	今年八月以来，这里一直没下过雨。
Expressing "when" with "shi"	Time + 时	考试时不要说话。
Sequencing past events with "houlai"	⋯⋯ ，后来 ⋯⋯	开始他不同意，但后来同意了。

Numbers

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Expressing fractions with "fenzhi"	Denominator + 分之 + Numerator	在我们班，外国学生占三分之一。
Indicating a number in excess	Number + 多	三十多岁

Particles

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Advanced yes-no questions with "ma"	Confirmation + Question + 吗？	你要什么吗 ?
Aspect particle "zhe"	Verb + 着	我读，你听着。
Expressing the self-evident with "ma"	Statement + 嘛	大家有话就说嘛。
Reviewing options with "ba"	Option 1吧，⋯⋯ ；Option 2 吧，⋯⋯	不说吧，他还会做错；说吧，他肯定不高兴。
Using "de" (modal particle)	⋯⋯的	我不会骗你的。

Prepositions

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Expressing "about" with "guanyu"	关于 + Obj. ，⋯⋯	关于中国历史，我知道的不多。
Expressing "all the way until" with "zhidao"	直到 + Time / Event ，Subj. + 才 ⋯⋯	直到十二点半，我才做完作业。
Expressing "for" with "gei"	Subj. + 给 + Recipient + Verb Phrase	妈妈在给孩子们做饭。
Expressing "for" with "wei"	为 + Person + Predicate	为人民服务！
Expressing "less than" with "budao"	不到 + Number + Measure Word + Noun	我女儿不到三岁。
Expressing "towards" with "xiang"	向 + Direction / Person + Verb	你必须向他道歉！
Expressing "toward" with "wang"	往 + Direction Word	往 + Direction / Place + Verb
Idiomatic phrases with "zai"	在 + Topic + 上，Subj. ⋯⋯	在美国历史上，最重要的总统是谁？
Using "dui" with verbs	Subj. + 对 + Person + Verb	宝宝对我笑了。

Verbs

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Appearance with "kanqilai"	看起来⋯⋯	这家餐厅看起来不错。
Causative verbs	Subj. + 让 / 叫 / 请 / 使 + Person + Predicate	你为什么不让我去？
Expressing "it depends" with "kan"	这 / 那 + 要看 / 得看 + Unclear Situation	这得看你的时间。
Expressing "it seems" with "haoxiang"	好像⋯⋯	他好像是英国人。
Expressing "mistakenly think that" with "yiwei"	Subj. + 以为⋯⋯	我以为你不是我的朋友。
Expressing "through" with "jingguo"	经过 + Event / Time ，⋯⋯	经过自己的努力，她考上了北京大学。
Expressing "through" with "tongguo"	通过 + Agent / Method ，⋯⋯	我们是通过他的朋友找到他的。
Expressing "to come from" with "laizi"	Subj. + 来自 + Place	我来自美国。
Making judgments with "suan"	Subj. + 算 + Adj. + 的	在我们公司，我算年轻的。
Using "lai" as a dummy verb	(让 +) Subj. + 来	让我来吧。

Auxiliary verbs

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Expressing "don't need to" with "buyong"	Subj. + 不用 + Verb Phrase	不用担心。
Expressing "must" with "dei"	得 + Verb	我们得走了。

Verb phrases

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Doing something less with "shao"	少 + Verb	请少放点盐。
Doing something more with "duo"	多 + Verb	多吃点。
Expressing actions in progress (full form)	正在 + Verb + 着 + 呢	我正在吃饭呢。
Expressing "not often" with "bu zenme"	不怎么 + Verb	我儿子不怎么吃零食。
Expressing "until" with "dao"	Verb + 到 + Time / Event	我昨天晚上工作到十二点半。
Measure words for verbs	Verb + Number + Measure Word	做三次。读两遍。
Separable verb	Verb-Obj.	我们见过面。
Verbs followed by "gei"	Subj. + Verb + 给 + Recipient + Obj.	他送给我一束花。
Verbs preceded by "gei"	Subj. + 给 + Target + Verb + Obj.	现在不要给他打电话。

Grammatical Structures

These are grammatical structures that do not correspond to one particular part of speech.

Complements

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Degree complement	Verb + 得⋯⋯	你做得不错。
Direction complement	Verb (+ Direction) + 来 / 去	我们走过去吧。
Direction complement "-qilai"	Verb / Adj.+ 起来	天气热起来了。
Potential complement	Verb + 得 / 不 + Complement	做得完 / 做不完
Result complements	Verb + 好 / 完 / 错	我们吃好了。
Result complement "-xiaqu"	Verb + 下去	这个故事太无聊了，我听不下去了。

Noun Phrases

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Expressing "all" with "suoyou"	所有 (+ 的) + Noun	我喜欢吃所有我妈妈做的菜。
Expressing "one of" with "zhiyi"	⋯⋯之一	你是我最好的朋友之一。
Expressing "the other" with "lingwai"	另外 + Number + Measure Word + Noun	我有两个手机，一个是小米，另一个是 iPhone 。

Question Forms

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Simple rhetorical questions	不是…… 吗？	不是说好了吗？怎么会这样？

Sentence Patterns

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
The "shi... de" construction for emphasizing details	是⋯⋯ 的	你是怎么来的？
The "shi... de" construction for indicating purpose	是⋯⋯ 的	我是来上海旅游的。
The "shi... de" patterns: an overview	是⋯⋯ 的	你是哪个学校的？
Topic-comment sentences	Topic，Comment	那部电影，看过的人都喜欢。
Using "ba" sentences	Subj. + 把 + Obj.+ Verb Phrase	我把书看完了。
Using "bei" sentences	Subj. + 被 + Doer + Verb Phrase	我被他骗了。

Basic/Simple Sentence Patterns

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Alternative existential sentences	Place + Verb + 着 + Noun Phrase	桌子上放着一本书。
Expressing "as one likes" with "jiu"	想 + Question Word + 就 + Question Word	想去哪儿就去哪儿。
Expressing "double negation"	Subj. + 不是 + 不 / 没 + Predicate	我不是不知道怎么做。
Expressing "even" with "lian" and "dou"	连 + Subj. + 都 (+ 不 / 没) + Verb	你连小狗都怕？
Expressing "every time" with "mei" and "dou"	每次 + Event 1 + 都 + Event 2	为什么每次我来他都不在。
Expressing "every" with question words	Question Word + 都 + Predicate	谁都可以进。
Expressing "how often"	Subj. + 多长时间 + Verb + 一次 (+ Obj.)	你多长时间剪一次头发？
Expressing "more and more" with "yuelaiyue"	Subj. + 越来越 + Adj. + 了	天气越来越冷了。
Expressing "multiples" with "bei"	Noun 1 + 是 + Noun 2 + 的 + Number + 倍	他现在的工资是两年前的三倍。
Expressing "not at all" with "yidianr ye bu"	Subj. + 一点 + 也 / 都 + 不 + Adj.	你一点也不胖。
Expressing not knowing how to do something using "hao"	Subj. + 不知道 + Verb Phrase + 好	我真的不知道怎么办才好。
Expressing purpose with "weile"	为了 + Purpose + Verb	为了钱，他什么都愿意做。
Expressing "some" with question words	在哪儿 / 谁 / 什么 / 什么时候	这个人我在哪儿见过。
Phrases using "laishuo"	对 + Person + 来说 / 一般来说	一般来说，私立学校都比较贵。

Comparison Patterns

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Expressing comparable degree with "you"	Noun 1 有 Noun 2 + Adj. + 吗？	他有我帅吗？
Expressing "compared with" using "gen"	跟 + Noun 1 + 比 (起来) ，Noun 2⋯⋯	跟上海比，北京的冬天比较干。
Expressing "even more" with "geng" or "hai"	Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + 更 / 还 + Adj.	他比姚明还高。
Expressing "much more" in comparisons	Noun 1 + 比 + Noun 2 + Adj. + 多了	拼音比汉字容易多了。

Complex Sentence Patterns

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Conceding a point with "shi"	Adj. + 是 + Adj.，但是⋯⋯	这个东西好是好，就是太贵了。
Events in quick succession with "yi... jiu..."	Subj. + 一 + Event 1，就 + Event 2	他一到家，就去洗澡了。
Expressing "although" with "suiran" and "danshi"	虽然⋯⋯ ，但是 / 可是⋯⋯	虽然渴了，但是不想喝啤酒。
Expressing "either... or..." with "yaome"	要么⋯⋯，要么⋯⋯	要么你去，要么他去。
Expressing "except" and "in addition" with "chule… yiwai"	除了 ⋯⋯ (+ 以外) ，Subj. + 都 / 也 / 还 ⋯⋯	除了他，我们都去过。
Expressing good luck with "haihao"	还好 + Lucky Incident ，不然 + Bad Outcome	还好有你在，不然我真不知道怎么办。
Expressing "if... then..." with "ruguo... jiu..."	如果 ⋯⋯ ，就 ⋯⋯	如果有困难，就给我打电话。
Expressing "if" with "ruguo... dehua"	如果⋯⋯ (的话) ，(就) ⋯⋯	如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去了。
Expressing "not only... but also" with "budan... erqie..."	不但⋯⋯，而且⋯⋯	他不但聪明，而且勤劳。
Expressing "no wonder"	Reason ，怪不得 / 难怪 + Observation	小张请假了，难怪今天没有看到他。
Expressing various aspects with "yi fangmian"	一方面⋯⋯，一方面⋯⋯	一方面他很喜欢这份工作，一方面他又觉得工资太低。
Expressing "when" with "dengdao"	等(到) + Time / Event ，Subj. + 再 / 就 ⋯⋯	等到大学毕业，我就不住在学校了。

Comparisons of Similar Grammar Points

What's the difference between this grammar point and that grammar point? Check here.

Adverbs

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Comparing "changchang" and "jingchang"	常常 vs. 经常	我不常运动，我需要经常运动。
Comparing "gang" and "gangcai"	刚 vs. 刚才	你刚才去哪儿了？我刚回来。
Comparing "youdian" and "yidian"	有点 vs. 一点	这衣服有点贵，便宜一点吧。

Auxiliary Verbs

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Comparing "hui," "neng," "keyi"	会 vs. 能 vs. 可以	我会跳舞。这里不能跳舞。我可以请你跳舞吗？

Conjunctions

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Comparing "haishi" and "huozhe"	还是 vs. 或者	我们明天见还是后天见？明天或者后天都可以。

Nouns

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Comparing "renjia" and "bieren"	人家 vs. 别人	因为人家喜欢你啊。我不在乎别人怎么说。
Comparing "zhijian" and “zhongjian"	之间 vs. 中间	八点到十点之间我都有空。客厅的中间有一个沙发。

Prepositions

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Comparing "li" and "cong"	离 vs. 从	从明天开始，我不抽烟了。

Time Words

Grammar Point (English)	Pattern	Examples
Comparing "yihou" and "de shihou"	以后 vs 的时候	打篮球的时候会出了很多汗，所以打完篮球以后我要洗澡。

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-"B1" (Intermediate) is the third level as defined by the European Common Framework. For more information on the levels used throughout this wiki, see the [[Grammar Points by Level]] page.
+[[File:B1-print-book.png|800px|link=https://amzn.to/36aB0iT]]
+<!-- [[File:Grammar-Course-2.png|800px|link=https://www.allsetlearning.com/courses?category=Grammar&utm_source=GramWiki&utm_medium=banner]] -->
-= Parts of Speech =
+'''"B1" (Intermediate)''' is the third level as defined by the European Common Framework. It is [[B1 grammar points with HSK|roughly equivalent to '''HSK Levels 3-4''']].
+There are '''{{#ask: [[Level::B1]]  | format=count }}''' total grammar points in the list below.
+== Parts of Speech ==
+These following grammar points fit pretty neatly into one part of speech category.
 {{Print POS|B1}}
-= Grammatical Structures =
+== Grammatical Structures ==
-These following are grammatical structures that do not correspond to one particular part of speech.
+These are grammatical structures that do not correspond to one particular part of speech.
 {{Print Structure|B1}}
-= Comparisons =
+== Comparisons of Similar Grammar Points ==
+What's the difference between this grammar point and that grammar point? Check here.
 {{Print Comparisons|B1}}
+== See also ==
+* The next level is: [[B2 grammar points]]
+* For more information on the levels used throughout this wiki, see the [[Grammar Points by Level]] page.
+* This list in French: [http://www.chine-informations.com/mandarin/grammaire/RGLB1 Grammaire chinoise niveau B1]
 [[Category:Levels]]

Difference between revisions of "B1 grammar points"

Latest revision as of 02:35, 18 November 2021

Contents

Parts of Speech

Adjectives

Adverbs

Adverbs with Adjectives

Auxiliary Words

Conjunctions

Measure Words

Nouns

Numbers

Particles

Prepositions

Verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Verb phrases

Grammatical Structures

Complements

Noun Phrases

Question Forms

Sentence Patterns

Basic/Simple Sentence Patterns

Comparison Patterns

Complex Sentence Patterns

Comparisons of Similar Grammar Points

Adverbs

Auxiliary Verbs

Conjunctions

Nouns

Prepositions

Time Words

See also